asked Dec 15, 2014 at 12:43 2Automatic transmission have what is called a neutral Born in Macon County, she was the daughter of the late Ray Moffitt and Beatrice Mashburn Moffitt. . Thanks for contributing an answer to Chemistry Stack Exchange! The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. (Do this for Tubes 6-9), Chemical equilibrium: Le Chtelier's principle, Workplace, work activities and duties job adj, OMFP II RealizeIt Questions For Cumulative Ma, Biology Academic Super Bowl 2023: Khan Academ. Removal of some of the Fe3+(aq), for example by precipitation. Equilibrium constant, defined as "a number that expresses the relationship between the amounts of products and reactants present at equilibrium in a reversible chemical reaction at a given temperature " [2]. Solution becomes a deeper red-brown colour because the concentration of NO2(g) increases as it is produced. The last three digits represent the length 7Given: Number of workers that can build a wall in 48 hours = 15To find: Number of workers that can build a wall in 30 hoursFormula: Substituting x1 = 48, y1 = 15 x2 = 30 in the formula,Gives y2 = AnswerBased on the given conditions, formulate:: Simplify fraction(s): Calculate the product or quotient: Getting answers to your urgent problems is simple. This will cause the equilibrium to shift to the right, producing more FeSCN2+. If more SCN is added to the equilibrium mixture, will the red color of the mixture intensity or lessen? How to add double quotes around string and number pattern? . Notice that the concentration of some reaction participants have increased, while others have decreased. Equilibrium position will move to the right to produce more N2O4(g). Now consider what happens when the equilibrium position is perturbed (or disturbed) by changing the concentration of reactants or products while maintaining a constant temperature: Consider the following gaseous system at equilibrium at constant temperature and constant volume: All the species, reactant and product species, are gases. Removal of some molecules of NO2(g) while maintaining the system at constant temperature and volume. Nutrition FactsFor a Serving Size of (g)How many calories are in Corn on the Cob? The equilibrium position will be determined by, The equilibrium position will NOT be effected by. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. It only takes a minute to sign up. Both Modified-Since and ETag can be used to identify a specific variant of a resource. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Want chemistry games, drills, tests and more? Using this value, I used the equation for the K constant of an equilibrium: $$\mathrm{K} = \frac{[\ce{FeSCN^2+}]}{[\ce{Fe^3+}][\ce{SCN^-}]}$$, $$\mathrm{K} = \frac{\pu{6.39e-5}}{0.002^2}$$. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. What mechanistic features are shared by (a) the formation of multivesicular endosomes by budding into the interior of an endosome and (b) the outward budding of HIV virus at the cell surface? Consider the following system under equilibrium: \[ \underbrace{\ce{Fe^{3+}(aq)}}_{\text{colorless}} + \underbrace{ \ce{SCN^{-}(aq)}}_{\text{colorless}} \rightleftharpoons \underbrace{\ce{FeSCN^{2+}(aq)}}_{\text{red}} \nonumber \]. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Why is Noether's theorem not guaranteed by calculus? You will add various reagents to this reaction at equilibrium to see if/how those reagents shift the equilibrium position of the reaction using the color of the resulting solution. Is there a way to use any communication without a CPU? equilibrium concentrations of the four species in equation 4 in several solutions made up in different ways. The red color did not reappear when the thiocyanate ion (SCN-) was added. A 257-bit encryption key is twice as difficult to guess compared to a 256-bit encryption key. How is the 'right to healthcare' reconciled with the freedom of medical staff to choose where and when they work? Display five 250mL beakers with 50mL of Fe(NCS)2+solution. What is the total amount of work required to move a proton through a potential difference of 100 V? The equilibrium position will be determined by the, The equilibrium position will NOT be effected by the addition of. I suspect the concentrations for the two reactions are not correct since the volumes are also given. Construct a bijection given two injections. funeral bill template; richard dimbleby belsen transcript; un hombre casado puede sentir celos de su amante; miami to dominican republic by boat time; mn dnr conservation officer directory; Going by the right hand picture, what was formed there is the very poorly soluble and lightly yellow $\ce{FePO4.2H2O}$. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. How do the concentrations of reaction participants change? When discussing symmetric encryption algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) you may have been considering using AES-128 or AES-256. A complex would have a "clear" (not colorless) solution as the red solution does. Equilibrium will shift to the right, which will use up the reactants. Chemical equilibrium is defined as "a state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the backward reaction" [1]. Why is it difficult to prepare standard solutions of FeSCN2+? Dilute solutions of Fe(NCS)2+have their equilibrium positions shifted with the addition of Fe(NO3)3, KSCN, NaOH, and AgNO3. by the measured absorbance using a spectrophotometer. Addition of an inert gas such as argon while maintaining the system at constant temperature and volume. (Tubes 6-9), Preparing Solutions to calculate K Why does Paul interchange the armour in Ephesians 6 and 1 Thessalonians 5? Removing heat by cooling the reaction mixture. Why don't objects get brighter when I reflect their light back at them? Finding solubility of salts of polyprotic acids. For the system: reactants products H = ? Now consider what happens when the equilibrium position is perturbed (disturbed) by changing the temperature of the system: Consider the following system at equilibrium: This reaction can also be written with the energy term incorporated into the equation on the side with the the products: When the system is at equilibrium, the rate at which Ag+(aq) combines with Cl-(aq) to produce a precipitate of AgCl(s) is the same as the rate at which AgCl(s) breaks apart to form Ag+(aq) and Cl-(aq). Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Chemistry Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for scientists, academics, teachers, and students in the field of chemistry. Le Chatelier's Principle predicts that the equilibrium position will shift in order to: Consider the following reaction at equilibrium: This reaction can also be written with the energy term incorporated into the equation on the side with the reactants: When the system is at equilibrium, the rate at which H2(g) combines with I2(s) to produce HI(g) is the same as the rate at which HI(g) breaks apart to form H2(aq) and I2(s). How can I drop 15 V down to 3.7 V to drive a motor? Some content on this page could not be displayed. What did you do? 2. is added, all of which have the same meaning: ? Silver solutions will stain skin black on contact; gloves should be worn. Amount of calories in Corn on the Cob: CaloriesCalories from Fat (%)% Daily Value *How much fat is in Corn on the Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the Saltz Internship Program currently is on pause for 2022 sessions. YA scifi novel where kids escape a boarding school, in a hollowed out asteroid, How to turn off zsh save/restore session in Terminal.app. Thank you very much for your cooperation. A. rock salt and other evaporite minerals. Can an iodine clock reaction work without using a strong acid? What happens to the colour change of an equilibrium reaction when one of the reactants begins to form a complex? Since Fe3+ is on the reactant side of this reaction, the rate of the forward reaction will increase in order to "use up" the additional reactant. This is often accomplished by adding another substance that reacts (in a side reaction) with something already in the reaction. kJ mol-1, If the equilibrium is perturbed (disturbed) by an increase in, equilibrium position shifts right, more products produced, equilibrium position shifts left, more reactants produced, equilibrium position shifts to side with most gas molecules. No change in concentration of NO2(g) and no change in concentration of N2O4(g). In addition, a precipitate was observed. This will cause the equilibrium to shift to the right, producing more FeSCN2+. When a system at equilibrium is perturbed (or disturbed), the equilibrium position will shift in the direction which tends to minimise, or counteract, the effect of the disturbance. 15.7: Disturbing a Reaction at Equilibrium: Le Chteliers Principle, 15.9: The Effect of a Volume Change on Equilibrium, status page at https://status.libretexts.org. 78.2 = [FeSCN2+] / [Fe3+] Theorems in set theory that use computability theory tools, and vice versa. Which portion of the HIV Gag protein would be a logical choice? How can I drop 15 V down to 3.7 V to drive a motor? Removing heat by cooling the reaction vessel. . Equilibrium position shifts to the left in order to consume some of the additional heat energy. What was Part I of the Equilibrium ex.? after mixing the reactants a stable mixture of reactants and products is produced this mixture is called the equilibrium state at this . If possible, show an animation of the formation of an equilibrium mixture before sharing the learning objective with . According to Le Chatelier's Principle, the system will react to minimize the stress. Addition of some other soluble salt of FeSCN2+, Solution becoming a darker red as the concentration of FeSCN2+(aq) increases, Equilibrium position moves to the left to use up some of the additional FeSCN2+(aq) and produces more Fe3+(aq) and SCN-(aq). FeSCN2+ absorbs blue and green light which will produce REDDISH ORANGE color. Addition of an inert gas such as argon while maintaining the system at constant temperature and volume. Addition of some other soluble salt of Fe, Equilibrium position moves to the right, using up the some of the additional reactants and produces more, Solution becomes a darker red colour because of the increase in concentration of, Decrease in the concentration of the reactant Fe, Equilibrium position moves to the left to produce more Fe, Solution becomes less red as concentration of, Solution becoming a darker red as the concentration of, Equilibrium position moves to the left to use up some of the additional, Solution becomes less red than it was immediately following the addition of the, Solution losing some of its colour due to decreased concentration of, Equilibrium position will move to the right to produce more, Solution becomes a darker red colour than it was immediately following the removal of the, Equilibrium position moves to the right, using up some of the additional, Solution becomes a lighter red-brown colour than it was immediately following the addtion of, Decrease in the concentration of the reactant, Equilibrium position moves to the left to produce more, Solution becomes more red-brown than it was immediately following the removal of, Equilibrium position moves to the left to use up some of the additional N, Solution becomes a deeper red-brown colour as the concentration of, Equilibrium position will move to the right to produce more N, Solution becomes a lighter red-brown colour as the concentration of. Does the equilibrium mixture contain more products or reactants? This resource is available in other languages Dear Parents/Guardians: [Insert school district/school name] is committed to the safety and health of our students and staff. Please note that the iron(III) thiocyanate complex is better described as the following: $\ce{[Fe(SCN)_{$x$}(H2O)_{$6-x$}]^{3-x}}; x \in \{1,2,3\}$. Equilibrium concentration, where does the 5.00 for iron thiocyanate complex come from? Then the lab said a stressor was added: $\ce{Na2HPO4}$ was added to the equilibrium reaction -- which formed a complex with some of the $\ce{Fe^{3+}}$ ions. $\ce{[FeSCN^2+]_\text{equil}}=\pu{6.39e5 M}.$, $$\ce{[Fe^3+]_\text{equil}} = \ce{[Fe^3+]_\text{initial}} - \ce{[FeSCN^2+]_\text{equil}} $$, $$ = \pu{1.00e-3 M} - \pu{6.39e5 M} = \pu{0.94e-3 M}$$, $$\ce{[SCN-]_\text{equil}} = \ce{[SCN-]_\text{initial}} - \ce{[FeSCN^2+]_\text{equil}} $$, $$ =\pu{0.400e-3 M} - \pu{6.39e5 M} = \pu{0.336e-3 M}$$. Then the lab said a stressor was added: $\ce{Na2HPO4}$ was added to the equilibrium reaction -- which formed a complex with some of the $\ce{Fe^{3+}}$ ions. 6. Removing heat by cooling the reaction vessel. The following information is also given: $2.000\ \mathrm{mL}$ of a $0.00200\ \mathrm{M}$ solution of $\mathrm{KSCN}$ with $5.00\ \mathrm{mL}$ of $0.00200\ \mathrm{M}$ solution of $\ce{Fe(NO3)3}$ and $3.00\ \mathrm{mL}$ of water is combined. How small stars help with planet formation. When the forward reaction rate increases, more products are produced, and the concentration of \(\ce{FeSCN^{2+}}\) will increase. If more \(Fe^{3+}\) is added to the reaction, what will happen? This is often accomplished by adding another substance that reacts (in a side reaction) with something already in the reaction. 1) IF a student added more KSCN solution than instructed when making standards solutions. Le Chatelier's principle: states that if a system at equilibrium experiences a change in temperature, pressure, or concentration, the system will respond by shifting the equilibrium in a direction to compensate for the change and re-establish equilibrium You will use this value for the initial concentration of FeSCN2+ (ICE table). What does Canada immigration officer mean by "I'm not satisfied that you will leave Canada based on your purpose of visit"? How do you calculate the equilibrium constant with the absorbance of a substance and the absorbance constant? I'll point out that the lab almost certainly had a centrifuge. Keep test tube #1 as a control and add the following reagents into test tubes 2 through 8: #1 - Control test tube, click to add the equilibrium mixture by click on "Click to Add Aqueous KSCN and FE(NO3)3 Solution Mix Prepare on the Left Column. mixture, will the red color of the mixture intensify or lessen? By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Solution remains the same colour because there is no change in the concentration of. Concentration of both NO2(g) and N2O4 decreases. Chemistry Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for scientists, academics, teachers, and students in the field of chemistry. Now consider what happens when the equilibrium position is perturbed (or disturbed) by changing the concentration of reactants or products while maintaining a constant temperature: Consider the following gaseous system at equilibrium at constant temperature and constant volume: All the species, reactant and product species, are gases. MathJax reference. Fe+3 + NCS- FeNCS+2 (1) yellow colorless blood red Quantitatively, the relative amounts of the two reactants and the product are related by the equilibrium D=m/v. The color should become more intense as more complex is formed. More H2(g) and I2(s) will be produced in the reaction vessel so there will an increase in the amount of purple solid (I2(s)) in the vessel. Because you see, when you add all these things together the volume is bigger thus changing the concentration of the substances you added previously. You could also use for the Today part: IF (AND (NOT (ISBLANK ( [ [Arrival Date]@row)), TODAY ()> [Arrival Date]@row, "Received", IF.. I was asked to explain why that after $\ce{Na2HPO4}$ is added (which actively forms a complex with the iron ion ($\ce{Fe^{3+}}$)) the system/solution turns increasingly pale-yellow. Not all of the added $\ce{Fe^{3+}}$ will be converted (the equilibrium cannot completely counteract the change, as this would involve converting all the $\ce{Fe^{3+}}$ into $\ce{Fe(SCN)3}$, and this would be an increase in the amount of $\ce{Fe(SCN)3}$ which the reaction would have to counteract). Is it valid to calculate concentrations given equilibrium constant and initial concentration? 15.8: The Effect of a Concentration Change on Equilibrium is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Marisa Alviar-Agnew & Henry Agnew. Decrease in the concentration of the reactant NO2(g) therefore reduction in the red-brown colour of the mixture. 15.8: The Effect of a Concentration Change on Equilibrium is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. In 1884, the French Chemist Henri Le Chatelier suggested that equilibrium systems tend to compensate for the effects of perturbing influences (or disturbances). Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Also besides that you should then correct in the denominator for concentratioms Fe3+ and SCN- that have reacted by substracting with concentration of formed FeSCN2. constant is 78. The solutions will be prepared by mixing solutions containing known . The color should become less intense as AgSCN is precipitated. Once equilibrium has re-established itself, the value of Keq will be unchanged. Again, equilibrium will shift to use up the added substance. The titration reaction is: Ag + + SCN - ---> AgSCN (s) (2) That is, the number of moles of Ag+ present at equilibrium equals the number of moles of SCN- which are added from the burette. If more SCN- is added to the equilibrium mixture, will the red color of the mixture intensify or lessen? The thing you did wrong is to assume that the concentration of the substance you have at the beginning is the same in the 'endmix'. Unknown samples can be determined by interpolation. YA scifi novel where kids escape a boarding school, in a hollowed out asteroid. The equilibrium constant for the reaction has a convenient magnitude and the color of the FeSCN2+ ion makes for an easy analysis of the equilibrium mixture. Hydrogen ions are on the right hand side of the equilibrium,. Equilibrium position shifts to the right, the side with the fewest gas molecules, to reduce the total number of gas molecules in the vessel and thereby decrease the pressure inside the vessel. [FeSCN2+] = absorbance - 0.0018 / 9.9EE3 addition of an inert gas while maintaining constant volume because this has no effect on the concentration of gaseous reactants and products. Concentration can also be changed by removing a substance from the reaction. If more F e 3 + is added to the reaction, what will happen? Add 0.1M KSCN solution to beaker #3. So from this, I assumed that the concentrations of $\ce{SCN-}$ and $\ce{Fe^{3+}}$ are both $0.002\ \mathrm{M}$. if more scn is added to the equilibrium mixtureamerican express halftime report cast. 1 g/mL. University of Colorado Boulder Regents of the University of Colorado Which of the following would be least likely to be considered an objective of internal control? Equilibrium position shifts to the left, the side with the most gas molecules, to increase the total number of gas molecules in the vessel and thereby increase the gas pressure inside the vessel. The volume of the mixture is $V_\text{mix} = \pu{10 mL}$. To the petri dish on the left several drops of Fe 3+ have been added. If particle collisions meet this criteria, they are known as "effective collisions". The numeric values for this example have been determined experimentally. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Describe what you observe when the SCN-is added to the solution in the petri dish. Solution becomes a darker red colour than it was immediately following the removal of the FeSCN2+(aq) as the concentration of FeSCN2+(aq) increases as it is produced. Solution becomes a darker red colour because of the increase in concentration of FeSCN2+(aq). Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Now consider what happens when the equilibrium position is perturbed (disturbed) by changing the temperature of the system: Consider the following system at equilibrium: This reaction can also be written with the energy term incorporated into the equation on the side with the the products: When the system is at equilibrium, the rate at which Ag+(aq) combines with Cl-(aq) to produce a precipitate of AgCl(s) is the same as the rate at which AgCl(s) breaks apart to form Ag+(aq) and Cl-(aq). No ads = no money for us = no free stuff for you! Because the stoichiometry is 1 mol Fe3+: 1mol SCN-: 1 mol FeSCN2+, the moles of each reactant used up in the reaction is equal to the moles of product formed. Solution remains the same colour because there is no change in the concentration of NO2(g). Notice that the concentration of some reaction participants have increased, while others have decreased. For the system: reactants products H = ? When all of the Ag + has been removed from solution, the addition of one excess drop of SCN - causes the Fe 3+ produced in the equilibrium reaction to . equilibrium constant expression for the reaction if the equilibrium Determining equilibrium concentrations from initial conditions and equilibrium constant. **excess SCN- drives the reaction to completion= no more SCN- : Only use Fe3+ and FeSCN2+ = \frac{\mathrm{Absorbance}}{\mathrm{slope}}$$, $$\mathrm{conc.} The equilibrium position will be determined by, The equilibrium position will NOT be effected by. Changes in Concentration of Aqueous Solutions Consider the following system at equilibrium at a constant temperature: Fe3+(aq) + SCN-(aq)(colourless) FeSCN2+(aq)(red). The equilibrium position will NOT be effected by the. plug in absorbance garnered during experiment. Thanks for contributing an answer to Chemistry Stack Exchange! \(\ce{[FeSCN]^{2+}} \uparrow \), \(\ce{[SCN]^{-}\: \uparrow}\) as the reverse reaction is favored, \(\ce{[FeSCN]^{2+}} \uparrow \) because this is the substance that was added. Can you start an automatic car in neutral, How does cholesterol stabilize the cell membrane, 40ft shipping container for sale South Australia, Why is emergency management important for the community, Addition of some other soluble salt of Fe3+. The equilibrium position will be determined by the, The equilibrium position will NOT be effected by the addition of. Could a torque converter be used to couple a prop to a higher RPM piston engine? Once equilibrium has re-established itself, the value of K. a substance from the reaction. (the insoluble salt you spoke of aswell as the ironIII complex the lab spoke of). In order to continue enjoying our site, we ask that you confirm your identity as a human. Removing heat by cooling the reaction mixture. Gert this might very well be the right answer (and thank you a ton for the quick reply), but quick clarification: I didn't suspect that the reaction between Na2HPO4 with Fe+3 forms a complex, my lab question informed me so "the HPO4-2 ion forms a complex with the Fe+3 ion." Equilibrium position shifts to the left in order to consume some of the additional heat energy. White AgCl(s) will be produced so there will be more AgCl(s) in the vessel. Equilibrium position shifts to the right in order to consume some of this additional heat energy to compensate for the heat gained. Basically I want to know what is happening chemically when $\ce{Na2HPO4}$ is added, and more specifically why their is the resultant color change from orange to pale-yellow. kJ mol-1 If the equilibrium is perturbed (disturbed) by an increase in reactant concentration in a solution: equilibrium position shifts right, more products produced product concentration in a solution: equilibrium position shifts left, more reactants produced volume available to a gas mixture (decrease in pressure): equilibrium position shifts to side with most gas molecules temperature when H is positive (endothermic) equilibrium position shifts right, more products produced temperature when H is negative (exothermic) equilibrium position shifts left, more reactants produced Please do not block ads on this website. It's merely an almost insoluble salt. Almost all say they would like to wean this Is it possible to start an automatic car whilst in drive? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Use MathJax to format equations. In 1884, the French Chemist Henri Le Chatelier suggested that equilibrium systems tend to compensate for the effects of perturbing influences (or disturbances). Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. I often talk to parents of toddlers, and even some pre-schoolers, who tell me their little one still has a bottle at bedtime and/or through the night. density of substance/density of water. White AgCl(s) will be produced so there will be more AgCl(s) in the vessel. I found the concentration of $\ce{FeSCN^2+_{(aq)}}$ to be $\pu{6.39e-5 M}$ using this equation: $$\mathrm{Absorbance} = \mathrm{slope}\cdot \mathrm{conc. Decrease in the concentration of the reactant Fe3+(aq), Equilibrium position moves to the left to produce more Fe3+(aq). In this movie equal samples of the reaction mixture were added to two petri dishes. changes in volume or pressure because no gas species are present. Equilibrium position moves to the left to use up some of the additional N2O4(g) and produces more NO2(g). Notice that the concentration of some reaction participants have increased, while others have decreased. Let's remove SCN- from the system (perhaps by adding some Pb2+ ionsthe lead(II) ions will form a precipitate with SCN-, removing them from the solution). to prevent the formation of undesired complex ions. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Removing some molecules of N2O4 while maintaining the system at constant temperature and volume. $$\ce{Fe^3+_{(aq)} + SCN^-_{(aq)} <=> FeSCN^2+_{(aq)}}$$. How can I make the following table quickly? Use values garnered in Pre-Lab Calculations and during standard curve. Table of Contents Show Changes in Concentration of Aqueous SolutionsEndothermic Reactions at EquilibriumExothermic Reactions at Equilibrium When a system at equilibrium is perturbed (or disturbed), the equilibrium position will shift in the direction which tends to minimise, or counteract, the effect of the disturbance. If not, what happens? The color should again become more intense with the formation of additional complex. In Part C, we look at the following reaction: Fe3+ (aq) + SCN- (aq) FeSCN2+ (aq) a. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? They are intended as a guide to the correct answers. This did not turn out to be the correct answer, but I'm not sure why. Let's remove SCN- from the system (perhaps by adding some Pb2+ ionsthe lead(II) ions will form a precipitate with SCN-, removing them from the solution). The reaction would have been: $$\ce{FeSCN^{2+}(aq) + 6 CN-(aq) \to Fe(CN)6^{3-}(aq) + SCN-(aq)}$$. 24. { "15.02:_The_Rate_of_a_Chemical_Reaction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.
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https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FIntroductory_Chemistry%2FIntroductory_Chemistry%2F15%253A_Chemical_Equilibrium%2F15.08%253A_The_Effect_of_a_Concentration_Change_on_Equilibrium, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( 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